I have both ... and the difference in my particular case is that my Goldendoodle is much more stubborn than my Labradoodles...but she is also very sweet and innocent. Our Goldendoodle is much larger than our Labradoodles too. (But Labradoodles come in many sizes, ours are small medium.)
I agree that the coat is very different. I love the look of my Goldendoodle (F1 compared to an F1 Labradoodle.) She does shed though...but my LDs did too, until they were a year old and since my GD is only 8 months, I don't know if she will stop shedding or not.
They are both very loving and loyal. Both breeds are sweet and gentle and smart...easy to train. The main difference is the coat, and if I am honest, my F1 GD's coat is much prettier than my F1 LD's coats...softer, longer, lusher...very soft.
I guess that they also have different faces...Labradoodles have a marvelous boxy head and strong chest, a Goldendoodle is more lean with a longer, pointed nose. My GD has her eyes closer together too.
Either is a good choice, in my book!
Since you can see many F1 Labradoodles in the gallery of this forum, here are a couple of my Goldendoodle (F1)...not the best pics, but will show you the coat differences.